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2019 | July-December | Volume 11 | Issue 2

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EDITORIAL

Poornima Parameswarappa

Early Childhood Caries in India

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:1] [Pages No:25 - 25]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0056  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

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Original Article

Kaveri G Siddabasappa, Kharidhi Laxman Vandana

Effect of Tea Tree Oil in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Clinical and Microbiological Study

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:6] [Pages No:26 - 31]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0052  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aims and objectives: Tea tree oil (TTO) is known to have antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect. Periodontitis, chronic inflammation of the supporting tissues of the teeth leading to loss of the periodontal ligament and bone, results in disruption of the balance between periodontopathic bacteria and the host response to these microorganisms. We tried to evaluate the effects of TTO alone and in combination with scaling and root planning (SRP) in a triple blind, randomized controlled clinical trial of volunteers with chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: Thirty systemically healthy, chronic periodontitis patients were included. The study period was 21 days and the “split-mouth” design was used. Tea tree oil films were inserted in the selected pockets on day 0, removed, and reinserted on day 7. Statistical analysis was done for comparisons of clinical parameters [plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and microbiological levels of the pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia]. Results: At day 21, the PI and GBI were significantly reduced by all treatment modalities. When ranked, the amount of PI and GBI reduction by the different treatments was SRP + TTO, SRP, TTO. For PPD and CAL, the best result was obtained with the SRP + TTO. Conclusion: Tea tree oil could serve as a useful adjunct or alternative to periodontal treatment. Clinical significance: Chronic periodontitis is the most prevailing dental problem in the elderly people. Tea tree oil can be most effectively used as a local drug delivery in those affected patients.

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Original Article

Mallanagouda B Patil, Anurag Bhatnagar, Shobha Prakash

Prevalence of Methanobrevibacter oralis in Chronic Periodontitis Patients: A Pilot Study

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:32 - 35]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0051  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is polymicrobial infection. Literature evidences supports the use of 16S ribosomal RNA ribotyping method to detect more than 100 noncultivable bacterial species present in subgingival microflora, concluding “plaque is composed of nonspecific opportunistic pathogens” that induce species like methanogenic archaea. Archaea are found in the oral cavity of human in the saliva, oral biofilms, endodontic lesions, and subgingival deep periodontal pockets of periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis has been linked to multiple members of the domain bacteria; however, not one member explains its role in the periodontitis. There are few studies that linked archaea to the subgingival biofilm of chronic periodontitis. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of archaea in periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods: A total of 30 subjects (age range: 25–60 years), 15 subjects each in periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis, participated in this study to find the prevalence of Methanobrevibacter (M.) oralis. Clinical parameters including probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded. The M. oralis was detected using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The prevalence of archaea in chronic periodontitis is 40% and in healthy subjects 6.7%. Conclusion: Chronic periodontitis showed more prevalence of archaea in periodontal pockets, which may suggest association with periodontitis.

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Original Article

Shanmugasundaram Shashikiran, Narayan N Valavalkar, Pramod Tatuskar

Evaluation of Efficacy of Diode Laser in Treating Hypersensitive Dentin: A Pilot Study

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:36 - 39]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0047  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of diode laser (DL) to treat dentinal hypersensitivity. Materials and methods: Twelve specimens were obtained from dentin disks of 2 mm thickness prepared from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) portion of six extracted human third molar teeth. The specimens were divided into two groups of six specimens each. All specimens received treatment with 1% citric acid to remove the smear layer. Specimens in group I (control) received no further treatment. Group II (DL) specimens received irradiation with 810 nm DL at an output power of 0.8 W for 10 seconds in noncontact mode. The specimens were prepared and observed under a scanning electron microscope. The diameters of tubules were analyzed. Results: The mean tubular diameter of the samples belonging to group I (control) was 3.90 ± 0.63 μm. The mean tubular diameter of the samples belonging to group II (DL) was 2.11 ± 0.35 μm. Diode laser specimens showed a statistically significant reduction in the dentinal tubular diameter when compared to the control group. Conclusion: In this study, DL was shown to effectively reduce the dentinal tubular diameters, thereby highlighting its potential to be used in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. Clinical significance: Diode laser shows promise in vitro, in reducing dentinal tubular diameters. And therefore could be used in the treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity, clinically. However, further in vivo studies need to be conducted to establish the efficacy of DL.

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Original Article

Mallikarjun Kenchappa, NB Nagaveni, Bharath Kashetty

Evaluation of the Shear Bond Strength of Methacrylate-based Composite, Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement, and Fuji IX Glass Ionomer Cement with Biodentine as a Base

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:40 - 43]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0050  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Introduction: A material which is used as a base must have an adequate seal, be able to prevent leakage, and remain in place under dislodging forces, such as chewing pressure and also having adhesive properties to restorative materials and to the dentine. Hence, it is important to know the bond strength in clinical practice. Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of the glass ionomer cement (GIC) and resin composite with Biodentine as a base. Materials and methods: Acrylic blocks with a central hole measuring 2 mm in depth and 5 mm in diameter were prepared. A total of 30 samples were prepared, the holes were then filled with Biodentine and the samples were randomly divided into 3 subgroups consisting 10 specimens each: group I: methacrylate-based (MB) composite, group II: Fuji type II resin-modified GIC (RMGIC), and group III: Fuji type IX GIC. For the SBS test, each block was secured in a universal testing machine and the values were compared by using one-way analysis of variance. Results: Highest bond strength of 1.495 ± 0.05 MPa was observed in group I (i.e., MB composite), followed by group II with 1.139 ± 0.02 MPa (i.e., type II RMGIC), and the lowest bond strength of 0.80 ± 0.05 MPa observed in group III (i.e., Fuji IX GIC). Conclusion: The adhesion of Biodentine to MB composite surface appears to be greater compared to that of RMGIC and GIC.

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Original Article

Vangara Aditya, Gunjiganur Ajjappa Babitha, Shobha Prakash, Juturu Timmasetty

Evaluation of Antibacterial Efficacy of Sesame Seed on Periodontal Pathogens: An In Vitro Study

[Year:2019] [Month:July-December] [Volume:11] [Number:2] [Pages:4] [Pages No:44 - 47]

   DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10063-0048  |  Open Access |  How to cite  | 

Abstract

Aim and objective: The aim and objective of this study was to identify the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of pure concentrated sesame seed powder require to inhibit growth of periodontal pathogens like Porphyromonas (P.) gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella (P.) intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium (F) nucleatum (Fn), Tannerella (T.) forsythia (Tf). Materials and methods: Sesame seeds powder was obtained and minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens like P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, F. nucleatum, T. forsythia was determined by using the tube dilution method. Results: MIC of sesame seed for Pg showed sensitive at 3.12 mg/mL, Pi at 6.25 mg/mL, Fn at 3.12 mg/mL, Tf at 50 mg/mL. Fn was sensitive until 3.12 mg/mL showed resistance to further dilution by illuminating its MIC. Hence, MIC values were considered as Tf < Pi < Pg = Fn which sensitive at these concentration. Conclusion: Many studies in dentistry have shown its antibacterial efficacy on aerobic bacteria however, the present study findings conclude that the sesame seed powder exerts antimicrobial actions against major periodontal pathogens like Pg, Pi, Fn and Tf. So, further extensive in vivo studies are required to confirm the findings of the present study and explore therapeutic implications of sesame seed powder in the management of periodontal diseases. Clinical significance: The antibacterial efficacy of sesame seed powder used as local drug delivery as chip, gel at particular concentration which will help to prevent further progression of periodontal pocket after scaling and root planning such as reduction of periodontal pocket.

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